Black Freedom Struggle in the United States:

113 H.R. 5830 (Introduced in the House): Grand Jury Reform Act of 2014

Bill text: To provide that in the case of a law enforcement officer who uses deadly force against a person, and thereby causes the death of that person, a hearing shall be conducted before a judge to determine whether there is probable cause for the State to bring criminal charges against the law enforcement officer relating to the death of the person, and for other purposes., 2014

115 H.R. 4332 (Introduced in the House): Grand Jury Reform Act of 2017

Bill text: To provide that in the case of a law enforcement officer who uses deadly force against a person, and thereby causes the death of that person, a hearing shall be conducted before a judge to determine whether there is probable cause for the State to bring criminal charges against the law enforcement officer relating to the death of the person, and for other purposes., 2017

114 H.R. 429 (Introduced in the House): Grand Jury Reform Act of 2015

Bill text: To provide that in the case of a law enforcement officer who uses deadly force against a person, and thereby causes the death of that person, a hearing shall be conducted before a judge to determine whether there is probable cause for the State to bring criminal charges against the law enforcement officer relating to the death of the person, and for other purposes., 2015

Congressional Black Caucus: The Missing Black Male

Congressional Record: Donald M. Payne Jr., Barbara Lee, Bonnie Watson Coleman, Cedric L. Richmond, and George Kenneth Butterfield Jr. on the issues affecting Black males, including incarceration, health, the increasing suicide rate among Black youth, and the missing Black male in our society., 2015

Congressional Black Caucus

Congressional Record: Congressional Black Caucus on the police killings of African Americans and Black Lives Matter protests, 2015

Oversight of Federal Programs for Equipping State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies

Congressional Hearing: Hearing to examine Federal role and programs to provide State and local police with surplus DOD military equipment and Federal grant funding for tactical training and equipment, in light of concerns about alleged excessive use of military-type equipment and tactics by police in Ferguson, Mo., to maintain public safety and crowd control during protests and demonstrations in the days following Aug. 9, 2014, death of African-American teenager Michael Brown, who was killed by a white Ferguson, Mo., police officer. Background and Context: Since 1997, Federal agencies have supplied over $5 billion in surplus DOD supplies and equipment to law enforcement. Recent events in Ferguson, Mo., have raised concerns about whether State and local law enforcement use of military-type equipment and tactical training should be more closely examined., 2014